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The Mathematics of Fairness
How do you divide a candy bar fairly between two people? The
most popular solution is known by many and can even be found in the Bible:
one person divides the bar in half, the other gets to choose which piece
she wants. But what happens if three people are dividing the candy? Worse
yet, what do you do if you're dividing a collection of indivisible goods?
Things like TV's and pianos are not much use cut in half! The idea of
fairness itself is considerably more complicated when more than two people
are involved, but mathematics can be surprisingly useful in these
situations.
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